Ravenna holds an extraordinary place in European history. Across the centuries, the city served three major powers: the capital of the Western Roman Empire, the seat of Theodoric’s Ostrogothic Kingdom, and the administrative heart of the Byzantine Empire in the West.
Today, this storied past survives through world-renowned early Christian monuments and UNESCO-listed Byzantine mosaics. Whether you are exploring the historic center or using it as a base to discover nearby medieval villages, here are the essential stops for your itinerary. And if you are planning a family trip, check out my complete guide to visiting Ravenna with kids for more family-friendly stops and activities.
Top Cultural Sites & Historic Mosaics in Ravenna
1. Basilica of San Vitale
Consecrated in 547 AD, the Basilica of San Vitale is one of Western Europe’s most significant surviving examples of early Byzantine Christian art and architecture. Its octagonal design seamlessly bridges Eastern and Western architectural styles.
Step inside to see the vibrant wall and ceiling mosaics that have retained their brilliance for over 1,400 years. The central apse features the famous portraits of Emperor Justinian and Empress Theodora, depicted alongside court officials, priests, and symbolic religious motifs.
2. Mausoleum of Galla Placidia
Just steps from San Vitale sits the Mausoleum of Galla Placidia. Built in the 5th century, legend holds that the Roman Empress Galla Placidia commissioned the building as a resting place for herself and her family, though historians believe it likely served as an imperial chapel dedicated to Saint Lawrence.
The modest brick exterior contrasts sharply with the interior: a ceiling covered in deep blue and gold mosaic tiles representing a starlit night sky, centered around a triumphant golden cross.
3. Classense Library (Biblioteca Classense)
Originally established by Camaldolese monks between the 17th and 18th centuries, the Classense Library is both an architectural monument and an intellectual treasure trove.
The library houses rare manuscripts, incunabula, and centuries-old printings. Visitors enter past an imposing Baroque facade through a 15th-century vestibule, leading to corridors lined with antique woodwork, frescoed vaults, and historic reading rooms.
4. TAMO Museum (Church of San Nicolò)
Housed within the historic Church of Saint Nicholas, TAMO (Tutta l’Avventura del Mosaico) offers a focused look into mosaic artistry.
The museum traces the evolution of mosaic craftsmanship across centuries, displaying:
- Ancient floor fragments and Roman-era stone mosaics.
- Tools and restoration techniques passed down through generations.
- Modern and contemporary works by 20th-century mosaic artists.
5. Rocca Brancaleone
For a break from sightseeing, head to Rocca Brancaleone, a 15th-century fortress constructed by the Venetians to defend the city. Today, the fortress walls encircle a tranquil public park shaded by mature trees, making it a favorite local spot for an afternoon stroll.
Easy Day Trips from Ravenna
Ravenna makes an ideal launchpad for exploring the surrounding countryside, foothills, and thermal spa towns:
- Lugo: Famous for the historic Rocca Estense (Este Castle), an expansive fortress dominating the central square, and the open-air Pavaglione marketplace.
- Brisighella: A picturesque medieval village nestled at the foot of the Apennines, characterized by its elevated walkway (Via degli Asini), the Clock Tower, and the hilltop Rocca Manfrediana.
- Riolo Terme: A historic wellness retreat renowned for its thermal spas, rich regional gastronomy, and centuries-old therapeutic sulfur springs.
Quick Travel Tips for Visiting Ravenna
- Combined UNESCO Ticket: Most top mosaic sites (including San Vitale, Galla Placidia, and Sant’Apollinare Nuovo) can be visited using a single combined admission ticket available through the local diocese.
- Getting Around: Ravenna’s historic core is flat, pedestrianized, and easily explored on foot or by bicycle.
- Getting There: Direct regional trains link Ravenna to Bologna, Rimini, and Ferrara, making it an easy day trip or weekend stop.
Lived in England since 1998 and travelled the world since 2005, visiting over 100 countries on 5 continents. Writer, blogger, photographer with a passion for adventure and travel, discovering those off beat places not yet on the tourist trail. Marco contributes the very best in independent travel tips and lifestyle articles.
